Umer Farooq¹, Ejaz Ahmed Khan¹, Abdul Aziz Khakwani¹, Saeed Ahmed², Nazeer Ahmed*³ and Gohar Zaman⁴

¹Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan-Pakistan

²State University of Londrina Centre of Agriculture Sciences Londrina, Parana (PR) Brazil

³Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University. Yangling, China

⁴Department of Environmental Science COMSATS University, Vehari campus Multan, Pakistan

ABSTRACT

The research was performed, at Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, to assess the impact of sowing time and seeding density on grain yield of wheat variety Gomal-08. Treatments included three dates of sowing as D₁ (Oct-25), D₂ (Nov-20), D₃ (Dec-15) and three seeding rates (kg ha^-1) of S₁-100, S₂-120, S₃-150. Almost all yield parameters showed significant variability among treatments means. Maximum grain spike^-1(g), number of fertile tillers m^-2, spike length (cm), economic yield (t ha^-1) and thousand grain weight (g) were recorded in D₁(Oct-25) and D₂ (Nov-20) with S₁ and S₂ as compared to late planted wheat with higher seed rate applied.

Keywords: Wheat, Plant Density, Sowing Date, Production

Imran Bodlah^1*, Hamza Ali¹, Muhammad Akram^2, Muhammad Naeem¹, Ata ul Mohsin¹ and Muhammad Asif Aziz¹

¹ Laboratory of Biosystematics, Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. ² Plant Protection, Pest warning and Quality control of Pesticides, Chakwal, Pakistan

 ABSTRACT 

Three species of Genus Polistes (Vespidae: Hymenoptera) are reported for the first time from different localities of district Layyah (Punjab), Pakistan. Main identification characters, distribution and micrographs have been provided for future field and research identification.

Keywords: Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Genus Polistes, Layyah, Punjab

Rafaqat Hussain Shah^1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch¹, Muhammad Zubair², Ejaz Ahmad Khan¹, Muhammad Ahmad³ and Ghulam Abbas⁴

¹ Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. ² The Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, ³Agrivcultural Training Institute, Karor Lal Eason, Layyah, Pakistan, ⁴Adaptive Research Farm, Karor Lal Eason, Layyah, Pakistan

 ABSTRACT 

The research trial was conducted under laboratory conditions at Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan in order to study phytotoxic effects of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) aqueous extract taken from its leaves, stem and root on germination and seedling growth of wheat. There were five treatments viz. 100g, 200g, 300g, and 400g aqueous leaves, stem and root extract of mesquite including tap water as control. It was evident from the results that by using different concentrations of aqueous extract of mesquite, seed germination and seedling growth of wheat were inhibited. The maximum reduction in germination and seedling growth was noted by applying higher concentration (400g) of aqueous extracts of mesquite. Hence, it is concluded that seed germination and seedling growth of wheat is inhibited due to presence of water soluble allelochemicals in aqueous leaves, stem and root extracts of mesquite at 400 g for 72 hours. These allelochemicals have negative effects on growth and development of wheat. It is, therefore, recommended not to cultivate wheat crop near the mesquite.

Keywords: Phytotoxicity, Prosopis juliflora, extract, germination, seedling vigor, wheat