Tag Archives: 2021-2

Wali Muhammad^1,2*, Shafqat Saeed³, Ammad Ahmad⁴, Muhammad Yasir Ishfaq⁵ and Muhammad Mahtab Anjum⁶,

¹Pest Warning and Qualitsy Control of Pesticides, Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan

²Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

³Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan

⁴Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

⁵Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan

⁶Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan

ABSTRACT

A study was carried out to identify the pollinator community and its role in pollination of sunflower at the research farm of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. The community of pollinators was composed of 14 insect species including eight bee species (Hymenoptera), four fly species (Diptera) and two butterfly species (Lepidoptera). Bees were the most abundant floral visitors. Apis dorsata Fabricius, Xylocopa sp and Megachile sp. were the most abundant among the bees with the highest visitation frequencies i.e. 1.33, 0.07 and 0.06 individuals per head per minute, respectively. The abundant flies included Eristalinus aeneus Scopoli and E. arvorum Linnaeus. The peak visitation activity of pollinators was recorded between 08:00 to 10:00 hrs. Although there was no significant difference in number of seeds per head produced in insect pollinated (open) as compared with, without insect pollinated (caged) heads. However, insect pollination significantly increased the number of healthy seeds, 100 seed weight and germination percentage. As A. dorsata Fabricius was the major pollinator of sunflower, future studies should focus on its conservation for better crop production.

Keywords: Sunflower, Pollination, Pollinator community, Reproductive success

Rafdinal^1*, Ramadanil Pitopang², Adityo Raynaldo³, Eko Subrata⁴

¹Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, 78124 – Indonesia

²Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi, 94148 – Indonesia

³Department of Marine Science, OSO University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, 78124 – Indonesia

⁴Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat University, Padang, West Sumatra, 25172 – Indonesia

Abstract

Understanding the carbon cycle could be the basis and best way to management practices in traditional agroforestry. In this study, we will estimate the litterfall dynamics and decomposition rate in one of the traditional agroforestry ‘Tembawang’ practiced by local people in Kalimantan. Litterfall dan decomposition monitoring was conducted every two weeks for three months with litterfall traps and litterbags. From the results, we found litterfall production of Tembawang Agroforestry was 91.23-95.03 gr m^-2 month^-1 or 10.95-11.40 tons ha^-1 year^-1. The estimated litter decomposition rate in the first of 14 days was 3.92-4.43 gram    day^-1 after that decomposition rate decreased (on 84^th day) at 0.75-0.81 gram day^-1. A positive Spearman correlation occurred with the rainfall and temperature variables on the dynamics of litterfall but the value was not significant. Tembawang agroforestry litter production is higher than another agroforestry and the value is approaching the primary tropical rainforest. Litter decomposed more than 50 percent in the initial two weeks and the value is correlated to humidity.

Keywords: Carbon cycle, Fruit Tembawang, Rubber Tembawang, Traditional agroforestry, Sekadau Regency

Muhammad Zubair Akram^1,2, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra¹, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez¹, Shahbaz Khan¹*, Samreen Nazeer², Shahid Iqbal³, Muhammad Sohail Saddiq⁴, Noreen Zahra⁵

¹Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

²Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Niğde, 51240, Turkey

³Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture (MNSUA), Multan, 60000, Pakistan

⁴Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, 32200, Pakistan

⁵Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

Abstract:

Cultivation of quinoa, a climate-resilient and superfood crop, can be a viable option for food security than conventional food crops. A field experiment was conducted during growing season of 2018-2019 to evaluate 13 elite lines of quinoa. The data regarding stand establishment, phenology of developmental stages, root establishment, leaf biochemical, morphological attributes and seed viability were recorded and analysed. Seed yield was linked with phenological, physiological and morphological traits. Ten lines (4, 6, 9, 11, 15, 22, 24, 30, 45 and 126) seem to be high yielders than check that are originated from New Mexico and Peru. New line Q11 appears to be a high yielder among all the newly introduced lines and standard variety also. Q126 showed the maximum harvesting index. Standard variety UAFQ-7 seems to be higher in root length. The duration of crops is also different in different lines. Q24 appears to be a short duration crop. Q15 and Q45 appear to be higher in anthocyanin and phenolic contents, respectively. Finding new germplasm having higher yield potential than the check variety will strengthen the popularity of new crops under the agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad-Pakistan.

Keywords: Germplasm, Morphology, Phenology, Quinoa, Root scanner, Seed yield

Do Tan Khang¹, Tran Gia Huy¹, Nguyen Hoang Tinh¹, Phan Thi Truc Ly¹, Sau Thi Ai Tram¹, Nguyen Tien Cuong¹, Tran Nhan Dung¹, Nguyen Van Ay², Tran Thanh Men³, Nguyen Phuong Thuy^4*

 ¹Biotechnology Research and Development Institute, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam

²College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam

³College of Natural Science, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam

⁴School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh province, Vietnam

Abstract

Mango is one of the most valuable fruiting plant and occupies a crucial position in Vietnam’s agriculture. There are various indigenous mango cultivars which originate from Vietnam. Utilization of DNA barcode for mango authentication is an appropriate solution that overcomes the limitations of morphological-based methods. In this study, 33 samples, representing 19 mango cultivars, were analysed by amplifying and sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and maturase enzyme gene (matK). The results showed that these two barcode candidates were amplified successfully in all samples. ‘Hoa Loc’, a high quality and native mango cultivar is discriminated from others by 52 variation sites in ITS sequence analysis, while the result is 27 for matK. The results also revealed that the noncoding sequence, ITS, has high interspecific distance among such cultivars and should be proposed as a promising DNA barcode for mango identification, based on both sequence quality and discrimination power.

Keywords: ITS, Mango, Hoa Loc, matK, Plant authentication, Vietnam

Rita Choudhury¹, Puranjit Das²*

¹Department of Zoology, Tihu College, Tihu, Nalbari-781371, Assam, India

²Department of Zoology, Bhattadev University, Bajali, Pathsala-781325, Assam, India

Abstract

Tenualosa ilisha, an anadromous fish, inhabited in the lower region of the estuaries and the foreshore areas migrating to river for spawning. The Hilsa population entered the Brahmaputra River system from Bay of Bengal. Various studies have shown the Hilsa population differs significantly from one another found in different rivers. In the present communication attempt has been made to investigate population of Hilsa shad in the Brahmaputra River using cytochrome b gene. Analysis of 425 bp of Cytochrome b gene fragment revealed 4 haplotypes with two clusters in dendogram. Existence of three polymorphic sites in the haplotypes sequences obtained from two groups of Hilsa shad showed low genetic differentiation in the Brahmaputra River.

Keywords: Cytochrome b gene, Brahmaputra river, Tenualosa ilisha