Popi Rejekiningrum¹, Zainal Arifin²*, Evy Latifah², Amik Krismawati², Sri Satya Antarlina³, Moh. Saeri⁴, Baswarsiati², Chendy Tafakresnanto⁵, Dwi Setyorini⁶, Annisa Dhienar Alifia²

¹Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia

²Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia

³Research Centre for Food Technology and Processing, National Research and Innovation Agency, Playen, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia

⁴Research Centre for Behavioural and Circular Economy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia

⁵Research Center for Food Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia

⁶Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia

 

*Corresponding author’s email: zain013@brin.go.id

Received: 18 February 2026 / Revised: 24 June 2026 / Accepted: 01 July 2026 / Published Online: 30 July 2026

 

Abstract

 

A growing portion of Indonesia’s dryland is dependent on agriculture, which necessitates adaptive technologies to assure year-round productivity and increase farmer income. This study created technological packages for food crops grown in a single-cropping system during the dry season in arid climate drylands. The methods were evaluated on one-hectare plots of volcanic soil (Situbondo) and sediment soil (Sumenep) with rice, corn, and soybeans. The rice-corn//corn system on volcanic soil produced the highest rice equivalent yield (18.1 t ha−1; CII 0.82; CI 285), followed by the corn-soybean-corn system on sediment soil (14.6 t ha−1; CII 0.80; CI 300). The LERs were 1.44 for corn double row relay planting with soybean (volcanic soil) and 1.52 for corn + soybean in sediment soil. Rice double row on volcanic soil yielded the highest profit (8.6 t ha−1; IDR 24.73 million; R/C 3.20), followed by corn double row on sediment soil (5.5 t ha−1; IDR 8.53 million; R/C 1.78).

 

Keywords: Cropping systems and patterns, Rice, Corn, Soybean, Yield, Dryland, Volcanic soil, Sediment soil

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