Pathogenicity of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. to several varieties of peanut on various dosages of dolomite in peatland
Irvan Subandar1, Lukman Hakim2*, Irfan Suliansyah3, Syakur Syakur2
1Student of Doctoral Program of Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
2Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
3Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Abstract
Stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. and soil acidity are the two problems that need to be addressed on peanut cultivation in peatland. Dolomite addition not only reduces soil acidity but also affect fungal pathogenicity. To study this, we used split plot design with dolomite dosages of 0, 10, and 20 t ha-1 as the main plots, and peanut varieties viz. Hypoma-1, Hypoma-2, Jerapah, Talam-1, Talam-2, Talam-3, Bison, and Takar-2 as the subplots. Three replications were used for these combinations. Dolomite dosages and peanut varieties interacted significantly on the pathogenicity of S. rolfsii at 15 DAI and filled pod percentage. The highest pathogenicity (30%) was found in Takar-2-20 t ha-1 dolomite, while the lowest pathogenicity (1%) was found on Hypoma-2-0 t ha-1 dolomite. The highest percentage of filled pods was on Bison-10 t ha-1 dolomite (79%), and the lowest was on Takar-2-0 t ha-1 dolomite (29%). Singly, the highest pathogenicity of S. rolfsii was found on Takar-2, while Hypoma-2, Jerapah, Talam-2, Talam-3 & Bison were more resistant. Dolomite dosage singly was only affecting the growth and the percentage of filled pods. The highest filled pods were on 10 t ha-1 dolomite, however if the increase to 20 t ha-1 dolomite had insignificant effect to enhance filled pods. These results indicated that resistant-high-yielding variety of peanut is most likely to survive stem disease and being productive in peatland enriched with proper amount of dolomite.
