N. Jitsopakul1*, A. Chunthaworn1, K. JaiDee1, U. Pongket2, K. Thammasiri3
1Department of Plant Science, Textile and Design, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
2Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
3Center for Gardening and Horticulture, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, China
*Corresponding author’s email: jitsopakul.ni@gmail.com
Received: 18 November 2025 / Revised: 23 January 2026 / Accepted: 30 January 2026 / Published Online: 09 February 2026
Abstract
The Vanda genus is a beautiful Thai orchid that has been bred for use as cut flowers and ornamental plants. The development and morphological characteristics of the first-generation hybridization of Vanda liouvillei Finet as the female plant and Vanda curvifolia (Lindl.) L.M. Gardiner as the male plant (F1) and the hybridization of the second-generation hybrid plants (F2) on the ability of pod formation and seed germination in vitro were investigated. The result showed that 60% pod formation, the age and size of mature pods was 149 days with 1.15 cm in width and 3.50 cm in length after hand-pollination of the first-generation hybridization (F1). The hybrid seeds contained embryos and germinated after 23 days of sowing on a modified Vacin and Went (1949) agar medium. The first flowering occurred in vibrant orange-red petals with a red to yellow color graduated, erect inflorescence, and a fishtail-shaped lip similar to those of its male and female parent plants after three years and eleven months in the greenhouse. In the hybridization of the second-generation hybrid plants (F2), pod formation was 100%; the age and size of mature pods was 219 days with 0.77 cm in width and 2.33 cm in length after hand-pollination, smaller than those of the first-generation hybrid pods (F1). Seeds of the second-generation hybrid plants (F2) contained embryos and germinated after 28 days of sowing. The hybridization of the second-generation hybrids (F2) is for the development and production of small potted orchids with bright flower colors.
Keywords: Pollinia, Pollination, Pod, Protocorm, Hybrid
