Tag Archives: 5(4)

Glyphosat and Paraquat herbicides weed control and yield effect after emergence in cotton

Raheel Atif Hameed*1, Shazia Ajum1, Muhammad Naveed Afzal2

1Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

2Central Cotton research Institute Multan. Punjab, Pakistan

 

Abstract

Response of various post emergence herbicides at different levels i.e. Round up was applied as 4.75 lha-1, 2.75 L ha-1 and 1.75 L ha-1 (Glyphosat), Gramaxone 20EC (Paraquat) as 2.55 lha-1 and untreated (no spray) were field experimented against cotton cultivar CIM-473 under field condition at CCRI cotton research institute, Multan. Significant Control of weeds and increase in yield and yield contributing factors were observed. It was indicated that the highest significant yield, number of bolls, fresh weed biomass, dry weed biomass, plant height and weed control were obtained by using Round up (Glyphosate) @ 4.75 L ha-1 as compared to other treatments including untreated (control). Average boll weight was not significant among treatments but significant against control. The highest net profit was obtained by the Round up 490 G/L when treated @ 4.75 L ha-1 than all other treatments.

 Keywords: Cost benefit analysis, cotton, growth, Glyphosate, Paraquat, yield and yield Components

Quality response of maize fodder cultivars to harvest time

Abdul Rehman1, Aurangzeb1, Rafi Qamar1*, Atique-ur-Rehman2, Muhammad Shoaib3,

Jamshaid Qamar1 and Farwa Hassan1

1Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan

2Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

3Maize and Millets Research Institute, Yousufwala, Sahiwal, Pakistan

 

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the fodder quality of four maize cultivars; DK919, 30R50, 31R88 and 6621 as influenced by harvest time at Agronomic Research Area of University of Sargodha. Maize cultivars were harvested at three different times viz. 80, 90 and 100 days after sowing (DAS). Significant differences were recorded among the cultivars for plant height, acid and neutral detergent fiber contents, lignin and crude protein. Maximum acid detergent fiber content, neutral detergent fiber content and lignin were observed at 100 DAS while crude protein was maximum at 80 DAS. However, plant height was remained unaffected with respect to harvest times. Moreover, maize cultivars had distinct differences in plant height and fodder quality parameters. Maximum plant height and crude protein were recorded in cultivar 31R88. The cultivar DK919 showed maximum values of acid detergent fiber content and neutral detergent fiber while lignin content was higher in V6621. Fodder quality parameters of cultivars 31R88, DK919 and V6621 were superior than 31R88 under the present climatic conditions of Sargodha.

 Keywords: Harvest Time, Cultivars, Fodder Yield, Maize, Fodder Quality

Effect of natural antioxidants on the growth and proximate composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Arslan Emmanuel, Kalim Ullah, Ruqia Mehmood, M. Zubair Anjum*

Department of Zoology and Biology, Faculty of Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

 

Abstract

A 60 days growth experiment was conducted on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings fed with different diets having natural antioxidants i.e., vitamin A, vitamin E & commercially available vitamin premix as control. Growth parameters and meat analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of antioxidants on growth and meat quality of common carp.  The highest weight gain (14.69 ± 2.03 g) was observed by the fingerling fed with diet having vitamin E followed by vitamin premix (13± 1.67 g) and vitamin A (8.99 ± 1.07 g). Maximum increase (15.03 ± 0.18 cm) in length was recorded in fingerlings fed with diet having vitamin A followed by vitamin E (12.74 ± 0.47 cm) and vitamin premix (12.68 ± 0.77 cm). After feeding trial, random samples of ten fingerlings were collected from each aquarium fed with diets having different antioxidants for meat analysis. Moisture percentage (77.5%) and total fats (18.5%) were higher in fish meat fed with vitamin A. Crude protein (60.7%) and carbohydrates (56.3%) were higher in fish fed with vitamin E and the highest percentage of dry mater (22.8%) and total ash (0.23%) were recorded with vitamin premix diet. Dry matter, moisture, crude protein, total fat and carbohydrate were significantly different while total ash shows non-significance results for different antioxidants.  The results of current study showed that vitamin E has positive effect on growth and meat quality of common carp.

 Keywords: Antioxidants, Vitamins, Common carp, Fish Growth, Proximate composition